The angle between the incident light ray and the normal to the surface is known as the angle of incidence and is commonly labeled as ? ?.
![the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection](https://miro.medium.com/max/1400/1*8NqL2H-QQQpPePTt30ADTA.jpeg)
That is, it meets the surface at an angle of 90 degrees. The normal is a line that is perpendicular to the surface. In the diagram from the question, the normal to the surface is this dashed line. At the point where the incident ray meets the reflecting surface, we can draw something called the normal to the surface. This law is known as the law of reflection, and it works as follows. We can recall that when light reflects from a surface, it does so according to a particular law. Finally, this gray rectangle here is the mirror that the light ray reflects from. Looking at the diagram, this right here is the incident light ray and this here is the reflected ray. So, this question is about a light ray reflecting from a mirror. The length ?? equals four centimeters, the length ?? equals four centimeters, and the length ?? equals five centimeters. Since the lines representing the normal and the incident and reflected rays are all represented on the sheet of plain paper, the incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal are coplanar.A light ray reflects from a mirror, as shown in the diagram. So, if one line represents the incident ray - the ray which is travelling from the source of light - and the other line represents the reflected ray - the ray of light which has been reflected - it is proved that the angle which the incident ray makes to the normal is always equal to the angle which the reflected ray makes to the normal i. It will be seen that the angles which the lines make on both sides of the normal will be equal (refer to the attached image). Now remove the mirror and the pins and join the pin marks to the normal. Next place two pins on the other side of the normal in such a way that these two pins are in a straight line with the reflection of the two pins on the other side of the normal. Next place two pins in a straight line on one side of the normal on the white sheet of paper. The normal will be reflected clearly on the mirror. Now place the mirror again on the outline. ' The normal is the 90 degrees vertical line drawn to the outline of the mirror. Then remove the mirror and draw the 'normal.
![the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection](https://hi-static.z-dn.net/files/d2e/0392d26144447e7b14b0eb8c827b3220.png)
![the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection](https://s3mn.mnimgs.com/img/shared/ck-files/ck_56627837c1d63.png)
Place the plane mirror on it and trace its outline on the paper. Procedure: Pin the white sheet of paper firmly on the drawing board. The experiment to verify these laws is as follows:Īpparatus required: a drawing board, a white sheet of paper, a few common pins and a plane mirror. The angle of incidence
The laws of reflection governs the reflection of light rays off smooth conducting surfaces such as polished metal or metal-coated glass mirrors. On carefully observing the result on will clearly see that :-ġ-The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.Ģ- Incident ray, Reflected ray and the normal at the point of incidence lie in the same plane. Ģ- Place the mirror vertically on the white sheet of paper and trace its edge.ģ- Draw a line at right angles to the edge of the edge of the mirror to act as the normal- ON .Ĥ- Stating with angle i as 30 degree, draw an incident ray and place two pins, P and Q along it as shownĥ- With your eyes at position shown, place two other pins R and S to coincide with the images of P and Q as seen in the mirrorĦ- Remove pins R and S and join the dots left with a straight lineĨ- Repeat procedure 4,5,6 and 7for angles i = 35 degree, 40 degree, 45 degree, 50 degree and 55 degree. Things required:- Soft board, white sheet of paper, optical pins, mirror, pencil, protactor and ruler. Objective :- To prove the law of reflection through a plane mirror. Second Law :- Incident ray, Reflected ray and the normal at the point of incidence lie in the same plane. According to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Reflection involves a change in direction of the light ray.The angle of incidence is the angle between this normal line and the incident ray the angle of reflection is the angle between this normal line and the reflected ray. First law :- When a light ray strikes a plane mirror, the light ray reflects off the mirror.